ZU THA A AWMLO! – K.VANLALDINPUIA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY NEHU
LPS-in Zotalk programme-ah Total Prohibition chungchanga live debate an buatsaih kha ka lo en ve a, a manhla hle. Zu chungchang ziahna article chanchinbu hrang hrangah leh internet lam atang ten ka lo chhiar ve zel a. Vawi tam tak, “Total Prohibition avangin Mizoramah zu tha lo a tam phah,” tih thu hmuh tur a awm. He thu ka hriat apiang hian, “Zu tha a awm a mi?” tih hi min ngaihtuah tir a. Zu tih tak nan emaw a in te an ruih hma nana a zuartute emaw, a sa tuten emaw thil dang an pawlh hi zu tha lo/zu chhia kan tih ber chu niin a lang. Hetianga, zu-a thil dang pawlh hi a tha lo teh meuh mai. Mahse, eng anga zu man to leh changkang, thil dang pawlh miah loh pawh ni se; kan taksa, rilru leh pawn lam nun thlenga a tihchhiat theih dan hriatchian chuan zu tha hi a lo awm lo. Engtik hunah emaw chuan Total Prohibition hi hlih a la ngai ngei ang. Chutiang hun a lo thleng a nih pawhin a nihna dik tak kan hriat a, in lo thei tura inven nachang kan hriat hi a la pawimawh dawn chauh.
Zu chi hrang hrangte Chemistry zirna atang chuan carbon leh hydrogen an pai tam dan a zirin zu hi chi hrang hrangah then a ni a. Chung zinga kan hriat lar pahnih chu-
a) Methanol (Wood alcohol an ti bawk): Mizoram leh hmun dangah zu chhia in avanga mitdel leh thi sawi tur an awm thin a, hei hi methanol vang a ni tlangpui. Taksaa a luh chuan tûr hlauhawm takah a inlet a, lem khat (10 mL) lek pawh hian thihna a thlen thei a, thihna a thlen em loh paw’n mit a tidel thei. Kan hriat atana tha chu laboratory a hman atana an siam ethanol-ah hian methanol 5-10% vel telh a ni thin. Chutiang chu denatured alcohol/ dehydrated alcohol/ methylated spirit, etc tih hming pu in zawrh chhuah a ni thin. Zu zuar tam takin an zu tih tak nan a hlauhawmzia hre lovin hetiang hi an lo telh ru thin a, chu chuan mit delna leh thihna hial a thlen thin.
b) Ethanol/ethyl alcohol: Hei hi kan in thin zu hi a ni a. Ethanol tam dan a zir leh siam dan a zirin zu hi chi hrang hrangah an then leh a. Distilled spirit an tih heng whisky, rum, vodka, brandy-ah te hian a tlangpuiin 40-50% ethanol a awm a, wine chi hrang hrangah hian 12-22% ethanol a awm. Beer/ toddy ah te hian 4-8% ethanol telh an ni thin. Mizorama kan siam chhuah rakzu tui pawlh loh kan tihah te hian 20-45% ethanol a awm ve thei a, bazaar a grape wine kan hmuh theih hoah hian 18% thleng te pawh a awm ve thei a ni.
Zu in taksaa hna a thawh dan Zu kan in hian kan pumpui leh ril bangah te a inchiah zawp (absorbed) a, chuta tang chuan kan thisenah lutin, thisen zamah a kal kual ta thin a. Thisen zam atangin thinah a lut leh a, chutah chuan kan thina enzymes chikhat alcohol dehydrogenase te chuan chemicals chikhat, tur hlauhawm tak acetaldehyde an tihah a lo let thin. Kan ruih ber chu acetaldehyde hi a ni a, zu ngawlveina thlentu leh zu avanga natna leh harsatna chi hrang hrang thlentu a ni bawk. Acetaldehyde te hi kan taksa a enzymes chi dang, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase te chuan acetic acid-ah an lo let ve leh a, hei avang hian zu rui pawh an lo harh leh thei thin a ni. Thisena zu awm zat atangin zu kan in hnem leh hnem loh a hriat theih bawk. Methanol hlauhawm dan
Methanol te hi ethanol ang bawkin kan taksa a a luh chuan kan thisen zamah a kal kual a. Chuta tang chuan thinah lutin, kan thin a enzymes chi khat alcohol dehydrogenase kan tihte khan chemicals hlauhawm tak mai formaldehyde-ah an lo let a. He formaldehyde hi tur hlauhawm tak, acetaldehyde ai pawha hlauhawm zawk a ni. Formaldehyde chu formaldehyde dehydrogenase an tihten formic acid-ah an lo let veleh a ni. Heng chemicals chi hnih folmaldehyde leh formic acid-te hi thihna leh mitdelna thlen thintute chu an ni.
Grape wine hi Mizorama kan grape wine ho ah hian acidity (thur) a tam hle a. Sample thenkhat laboratory-a ka enchhin tawhhoah chuan 10-18% ethanol awmin, pH meter-ah 2-3.5 an kawk bawk. pH meter hi acidity (thur leh thur loh) tehna hmanrua a ni a, pH scale-ah chuan 7 hi neutral a ni. Chu chu tui thianghlim tak, engmah pawlh loh hian a kawk thin. 7 hnuai lam chu acid an ti a, a number a tlem poh leh acidity a sâng tihna a ni. Mizorama kan grape wine thenkhat hi pH scale-ah chuan pumpui tana pawi khawih thei khawpa thur an ni. India ram dinhmun
1. India ramah hian zu in mi maktaduai 62.5 awm anga chhut a ni a, kum 1970-1996 chhung khan zu in 106.7% (per capita consumption of alcohol) an tam belh anga chhut a ni.
2. Kum 1950-1960 inkar khan zu intan kum chawhrual (mean age) chu kum 23.36 a nih laiin kum 1980-1990 ah chuan kum 19.45 ah a tla thla.
3. Zu siam chhuah leh zawrh atanga tax lakluh hi India ram state tam berte sum hmuhna hnar a ni (kum khatah Rs 25,000 crores), zu zawrh khap a nihna state heng Gujarat, Mizoram, Manipur leh Nagaland tih loh state danga zu zawrh phal a nih chhan pawh tax atanga sum lut a tam vang nia ngaih a ni.
4. India ram state 23 a addiction centre hrang hrangte report-a a lan danin state pakhatah chauh tih lohah chuan zu hi addiction centre-a an awm chhan lian ber emaw a dawttu emaw a ni vek.
5. India ram sorkar Hospital-a hliam tuar inentir zawng zawng zingah 37% hi zu vang a ni a, rilru lam buaina 17.6%, thluak hliam (brain injuries) 15-20% leh mahni intihhlum tum 34% te chu zu vang a ni.
6. Hna thawhna hmuna kal lo (absenteeism) zingah 20% leh hna thawhna hmuna accident thleng 40% te hi zu kaihhnawih a ni.
7. Zu vanga kum tina kan hloh (annual loss) hi Rs 70,000-80,000 maktaduai inkar anga chhut a ni.
8. Indian mipa zingah nupuite chunga kutthlak ching 85% te chu nitin zu in emaw zu in zing tak an ni a. Hetiang thil thleng 50% aia tam chu zuruih laia thleng a ni.
9. India mipuite hian chawhrualin kan thawhchhuah atanga 3-45% chu zu manah kan hmang.
10. India ram hi zu lei tur leh zu in tam lamah khawvelah pathumna a ni ta. Hetia zu a hluar tak chhan chu kan khawtlang nun danglam chhoh zel vang te, zu a tam tak vang te, ram dang nena kan in sumdawn tawnna (a bikin zu kaihnawihah) thlah dul a nih avang te leh zu hlauhawmzia in zirtirna \hat tawk loh vang te nia ngaih a ni.
Meghalaya dinhmun Meghalaya hi India ram state zingah zu man tlawmna ber a ni a, zu bottle khat zel hi India ram hmun dang aiin 25% vel laiin a tlawm a, a chhan chu zu zuar ten tax an chawi tlem vang a ni. An English chanchinbu leh national newspaper-ah te an chanchin chhe lam an chhuah ngai vak loh avangin zu chungchang bikah pawh harsatna an nei ngai lo emaw tih mai tur a ni. Mahse, Express India April ni 18, 2008 chhuakah chuan Meghalaya a thihna thlentu lian ber (biggest killer) chu zu a nih thu an rawn chhuah. Kum 2007 khan Meghalaya a civil Hospital pathum; Shillong, Tura leh Jowai Civil Hospital-ah ringawt zu avanga thi mi 104 an awm a, hmun dang ami te nen chhinchhiah ni phei selang chuan hei ai daiha a tam tur thu Shillong Civil Hospital Joint Director B. Garod chuan a sawi. Thi zawng zawng deuh thaw hi thalai kum 40 la tling lo an ni. Kumin kumtir Shillong Times chhuakah pawh zu hi an state chhunga thihna thlentu lian ber a la nih zel thu leh chhungkaw tinah zu ngawlvei pakhat zel tal awm ang an nih thu an rawn chhuah. Zu man a tlawmna leh zu tamna hmun apiangah zu avanga harsatna a pung niin a hmuh theih.
Khap zel hi a tha em? Professor David Nutt-a, UK Government Adviser leh Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs, UK a Chairman ni bawk chuan, “Zu hi tunlaia hmuhchhuah chu ni se damdawi anga ngaih a ni ang a, khuahkhirh a ni ngei ang,” a ti. Zu hi ngaih (addict) theih a nih avang te, harsatna chi hrang hrang a siam theih avangin khuahkhirh hi thil tha tak a ni. Shillong-ah kum 10 dawn ka awm ta a, Mizoram atanga rawn kal Mizo tam takin Shillong nuam an tih chhan chu zu vang niin a lang a, zu in duh chuang lo mi tam tak hmuh tur an awm bawk. Kohhrana mi inhmang tak, a tlangval that laia nasa taka zu lo in ve tawh thin, Shillong-a a rawn kal tuma zu in leh ta chu a in chhan ka zawt a. Ani chuan, “Zu ka in nasa thin a, khatia lei mai theiha zu intlar thut ka hmuh khan ka chil a put a, ka kal pel thei ngang lo a ni,” a ti. Hmanni lawka veng pakhat Pavalai Pawl Leader lo zin pawh a zu in chhan chu, “A tam em a ni,” tih a ni. Zu a tam chuan kan in tam a, zu lei tur a awm loh chuan kan in lo ni maiin a lang. Zu khap zel hi a tha hrih e.
Lehkhathiam leh hawi zau, thian kawm nana zu hmanga in thiam tak an awm a ni thei e. Chung mite chu Total Prohibition sawisel nasa ber tute pawh an niin ka hria. Amaherawhchu, heng mite hnena ka ngen duh chu; Mizo mipui nawlpui dinhmun thlir thiam phak khawpin kan khaw hawi ti zau ila, zu hi Mizote hian kan thatpui lo in kan la in thiam lo tak zet a ni tih pawm ngam ang u. Khap rem thei lo mah ila, in tur a tlem hi Mizote tan malsawmna a ni.
LPS-in Zotalk programme-ah Total Prohibition chungchanga live debate an buatsaih kha ka lo en ve a, a manhla hle. Zu chungchang ziahna article chanchinbu hrang hrangah leh internet lam atang ten ka lo chhiar ve zel a. Vawi tam tak, “Total Prohibition avangin Mizoramah zu tha lo a tam phah,” tih thu hmuh tur a awm. He thu ka hriat apiang hian, “Zu tha a awm a mi?” tih hi min ngaihtuah tir a. Zu tih tak nan emaw a in te an ruih hma nana a zuartute emaw, a sa tuten emaw thil dang an pawlh hi zu tha lo/zu chhia kan tih ber chu niin a lang. Hetianga, zu-a thil dang pawlh hi a tha lo teh meuh mai. Mahse, eng anga zu man to leh changkang, thil dang pawlh miah loh pawh ni se; kan taksa, rilru leh pawn lam nun thlenga a tihchhiat theih dan hriatchian chuan zu tha hi a lo awm lo. Engtik hunah emaw chuan Total Prohibition hi hlih a la ngai ngei ang. Chutiang hun a lo thleng a nih pawhin a nihna dik tak kan hriat a, in lo thei tura inven nachang kan hriat hi a la pawimawh dawn chauh.
Zu chi hrang hrangte Chemistry zirna atang chuan carbon leh hydrogen an pai tam dan a zirin zu hi chi hrang hrangah then a ni a. Chung zinga kan hriat lar pahnih chu-
a) Methanol (Wood alcohol an ti bawk): Mizoram leh hmun dangah zu chhia in avanga mitdel leh thi sawi tur an awm thin a, hei hi methanol vang a ni tlangpui. Taksaa a luh chuan tûr hlauhawm takah a inlet a, lem khat (10 mL) lek pawh hian thihna a thlen thei a, thihna a thlen em loh paw’n mit a tidel thei. Kan hriat atana tha chu laboratory a hman atana an siam ethanol-ah hian methanol 5-10% vel telh a ni thin. Chutiang chu denatured alcohol/ dehydrated alcohol/ methylated spirit, etc tih hming pu in zawrh chhuah a ni thin. Zu zuar tam takin an zu tih tak nan a hlauhawmzia hre lovin hetiang hi an lo telh ru thin a, chu chuan mit delna leh thihna hial a thlen thin.
b) Ethanol/ethyl alcohol: Hei hi kan in thin zu hi a ni a. Ethanol tam dan a zir leh siam dan a zirin zu hi chi hrang hrangah an then leh a. Distilled spirit an tih heng whisky, rum, vodka, brandy-ah te hian a tlangpuiin 40-50% ethanol a awm a, wine chi hrang hrangah hian 12-22% ethanol a awm. Beer/ toddy ah te hian 4-8% ethanol telh an ni thin. Mizorama kan siam chhuah rakzu tui pawlh loh kan tihah te hian 20-45% ethanol a awm ve thei a, bazaar a grape wine kan hmuh theih hoah hian 18% thleng te pawh a awm ve thei a ni.
Zu in taksaa hna a thawh dan Zu kan in hian kan pumpui leh ril bangah te a inchiah zawp (absorbed) a, chuta tang chuan kan thisenah lutin, thisen zamah a kal kual ta thin a. Thisen zam atangin thinah a lut leh a, chutah chuan kan thina enzymes chikhat alcohol dehydrogenase te chuan chemicals chikhat, tur hlauhawm tak acetaldehyde an tihah a lo let thin. Kan ruih ber chu acetaldehyde hi a ni a, zu ngawlveina thlentu leh zu avanga natna leh harsatna chi hrang hrang thlentu a ni bawk. Acetaldehyde te hi kan taksa a enzymes chi dang, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase te chuan acetic acid-ah an lo let ve leh a, hei avang hian zu rui pawh an lo harh leh thei thin a ni. Thisena zu awm zat atangin zu kan in hnem leh hnem loh a hriat theih bawk. Methanol hlauhawm dan
Methanol te hi ethanol ang bawkin kan taksa a a luh chuan kan thisen zamah a kal kual a. Chuta tang chuan thinah lutin, kan thin a enzymes chi khat alcohol dehydrogenase kan tihte khan chemicals hlauhawm tak mai formaldehyde-ah an lo let a. He formaldehyde hi tur hlauhawm tak, acetaldehyde ai pawha hlauhawm zawk a ni. Formaldehyde chu formaldehyde dehydrogenase an tihten formic acid-ah an lo let veleh a ni. Heng chemicals chi hnih folmaldehyde leh formic acid-te hi thihna leh mitdelna thlen thintute chu an ni.
Grape wine hi Mizorama kan grape wine ho ah hian acidity (thur) a tam hle a. Sample thenkhat laboratory-a ka enchhin tawhhoah chuan 10-18% ethanol awmin, pH meter-ah 2-3.5 an kawk bawk. pH meter hi acidity (thur leh thur loh) tehna hmanrua a ni a, pH scale-ah chuan 7 hi neutral a ni. Chu chu tui thianghlim tak, engmah pawlh loh hian a kawk thin. 7 hnuai lam chu acid an ti a, a number a tlem poh leh acidity a sâng tihna a ni. Mizorama kan grape wine thenkhat hi pH scale-ah chuan pumpui tana pawi khawih thei khawpa thur an ni. India ram dinhmun
1. India ramah hian zu in mi maktaduai 62.5 awm anga chhut a ni a, kum 1970-1996 chhung khan zu in 106.7% (per capita consumption of alcohol) an tam belh anga chhut a ni.
2. Kum 1950-1960 inkar khan zu intan kum chawhrual (mean age) chu kum 23.36 a nih laiin kum 1980-1990 ah chuan kum 19.45 ah a tla thla.
3. Zu siam chhuah leh zawrh atanga tax lakluh hi India ram state tam berte sum hmuhna hnar a ni (kum khatah Rs 25,000 crores), zu zawrh khap a nihna state heng Gujarat, Mizoram, Manipur leh Nagaland tih loh state danga zu zawrh phal a nih chhan pawh tax atanga sum lut a tam vang nia ngaih a ni.
4. India ram state 23 a addiction centre hrang hrangte report-a a lan danin state pakhatah chauh tih lohah chuan zu hi addiction centre-a an awm chhan lian ber emaw a dawttu emaw a ni vek.
5. India ram sorkar Hospital-a hliam tuar inentir zawng zawng zingah 37% hi zu vang a ni a, rilru lam buaina 17.6%, thluak hliam (brain injuries) 15-20% leh mahni intihhlum tum 34% te chu zu vang a ni.
6. Hna thawhna hmuna kal lo (absenteeism) zingah 20% leh hna thawhna hmuna accident thleng 40% te hi zu kaihhnawih a ni.
7. Zu vanga kum tina kan hloh (annual loss) hi Rs 70,000-80,000 maktaduai inkar anga chhut a ni.
8. Indian mipa zingah nupuite chunga kutthlak ching 85% te chu nitin zu in emaw zu in zing tak an ni a. Hetiang thil thleng 50% aia tam chu zuruih laia thleng a ni.
9. India mipuite hian chawhrualin kan thawhchhuah atanga 3-45% chu zu manah kan hmang.
10. India ram hi zu lei tur leh zu in tam lamah khawvelah pathumna a ni ta. Hetia zu a hluar tak chhan chu kan khawtlang nun danglam chhoh zel vang te, zu a tam tak vang te, ram dang nena kan in sumdawn tawnna (a bikin zu kaihnawihah) thlah dul a nih avang te leh zu hlauhawmzia in zirtirna \hat tawk loh vang te nia ngaih a ni.
Meghalaya dinhmun Meghalaya hi India ram state zingah zu man tlawmna ber a ni a, zu bottle khat zel hi India ram hmun dang aiin 25% vel laiin a tlawm a, a chhan chu zu zuar ten tax an chawi tlem vang a ni. An English chanchinbu leh national newspaper-ah te an chanchin chhe lam an chhuah ngai vak loh avangin zu chungchang bikah pawh harsatna an nei ngai lo emaw tih mai tur a ni. Mahse, Express India April ni 18, 2008 chhuakah chuan Meghalaya a thihna thlentu lian ber (biggest killer) chu zu a nih thu an rawn chhuah. Kum 2007 khan Meghalaya a civil Hospital pathum; Shillong, Tura leh Jowai Civil Hospital-ah ringawt zu avanga thi mi 104 an awm a, hmun dang ami te nen chhinchhiah ni phei selang chuan hei ai daiha a tam tur thu Shillong Civil Hospital Joint Director B. Garod chuan a sawi. Thi zawng zawng deuh thaw hi thalai kum 40 la tling lo an ni. Kumin kumtir Shillong Times chhuakah pawh zu hi an state chhunga thihna thlentu lian ber a la nih zel thu leh chhungkaw tinah zu ngawlvei pakhat zel tal awm ang an nih thu an rawn chhuah. Zu man a tlawmna leh zu tamna hmun apiangah zu avanga harsatna a pung niin a hmuh theih.
Khap zel hi a tha em? Professor David Nutt-a, UK Government Adviser leh Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs, UK a Chairman ni bawk chuan, “Zu hi tunlaia hmuhchhuah chu ni se damdawi anga ngaih a ni ang a, khuahkhirh a ni ngei ang,” a ti. Zu hi ngaih (addict) theih a nih avang te, harsatna chi hrang hrang a siam theih avangin khuahkhirh hi thil tha tak a ni. Shillong-ah kum 10 dawn ka awm ta a, Mizoram atanga rawn kal Mizo tam takin Shillong nuam an tih chhan chu zu vang niin a lang a, zu in duh chuang lo mi tam tak hmuh tur an awm bawk. Kohhrana mi inhmang tak, a tlangval that laia nasa taka zu lo in ve tawh thin, Shillong-a a rawn kal tuma zu in leh ta chu a in chhan ka zawt a. Ani chuan, “Zu ka in nasa thin a, khatia lei mai theiha zu intlar thut ka hmuh khan ka chil a put a, ka kal pel thei ngang lo a ni,” a ti. Hmanni lawka veng pakhat Pavalai Pawl Leader lo zin pawh a zu in chhan chu, “A tam em a ni,” tih a ni. Zu a tam chuan kan in tam a, zu lei tur a awm loh chuan kan in lo ni maiin a lang. Zu khap zel hi a tha hrih e.
Lehkhathiam leh hawi zau, thian kawm nana zu hmanga in thiam tak an awm a ni thei e. Chung mite chu Total Prohibition sawisel nasa ber tute pawh an niin ka hria. Amaherawhchu, heng mite hnena ka ngen duh chu; Mizo mipui nawlpui dinhmun thlir thiam phak khawpin kan khaw hawi ti zau ila, zu hi Mizote hian kan thatpui lo in kan la in thiam lo tak zet a ni tih pawm ngam ang u. Khap rem thei lo mah ila, in tur a tlem hi Mizote tan malsawmna a ni.
